Rahoton Cibiyar Zazzafar Zazzaɓi ta Lantarki (labarin / Lee Bend) Yayin da ake ci gaba da yaƙi tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, buƙatar makamai ga sojojin Rasha ya karu.Sai dai da alama a halin yanzu Rasha na fuskantar matsalar rashin isassun makamai.Firayim Ministan Ukraine Denys Shmyhal (Denys Shmyhal) a baya ya ce, "Rasha sun yi amfani da kusan rabin makamansu, kuma an kiyasta cewa suna da isassun sassan da suka rage don kera makamai masu linzami dozin guda hudu."
Rasha na buƙatar gaggawar siyan guntu don kera makamai
A cikin irin wannan yanayi, Rasha na buƙatar siyan guntu don kera makamai.Kwanan nan, jerin kayayyakin kariya da ake zargin ma'aikatar tsaron Rasha ta zana don siyan kayayyaki sun fito fili, tare da nau'ikan samfuran da suka haɗa da semiconductor, transifoma, haɗe-haɗe, transistor da sauran kayan aikin, yawancin waɗanda kamfanoni ke kera su a Amurka, Jamus, Netherlands, Ingila, Taiwan, China da Japan.
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Daga jerin samfuran, akwai ɗaruruwan abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, waɗanda aka rarraba zuwa matakan 3 - masu mahimmanci, mahimmanci da gabaɗaya.Mafi rinjayen samfuran 25 akan jerin "masu mahimmanci" sune Kattai na guntu na Amurka Marvell, Intel (Altera), Holt (chips aerospace), Microchip, Micron, Broadcom da Texas Instruments.
Hakanan akwai samfura daga IDT (wanda Renesas ya samu), Cypress (wanda Infineon ya samu).Hakanan akwai nau'ikan wutar lantarki da suka haɗa da na Vicor (Amurka) da masu haɗawa daga AirBorn (Amurka).Hakanan akwai FPGAs daga ƙirar Intel (Altera) 10M04DCF256I7G, da kuma Marvell's 88E1322-AO-BAM2I000 Gigabit Ethernet transceiver.
A cikin jerin "mahimmanci", gami da ADI's AD620BRZ, AD7249BRZ, AD7414ARMZ-0, AD8056ARZ, LTC1871IMS-1# PBF da kusan nau'ikan 20.Haka kuma Microchip's EEPROM, microcontrollers, guntu sarrafa wutar lantarki, irin su AT25512N-SH-B, ATMEGA8-16AU, MIC49150YMM-TR da MIC39102YM-TR, bi da bi.
Dogaran da ya wuce kima da Rasha kan shigo da kwakwalwan kwamfuta daga kasashen yamma
Ko don amfani da soja ko na farar hula, Rasha ta dogara da shigo da kaya daga Yamma don guntuwar kwakwalwan kwamfuta da yawa.Rahotanni a watan Afrilu na wannan shekara sun nuna cewa sojojin Rasha na da kayan aiki sama da 800, suna amfani da kayayyaki da kayayyakin gyara da dama daga Amurka da Turai.A cewar rahotannin kafofin yada labaran Rasha, duk nau'ikan makaman Rasha, gami da sabbin abubuwan da suka faru, suna da hannu a yakin da Ukraine.
A cewar sabon rahoton na RUSI, tarwatsa makaman da Rasha ta kame a fagen daga tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, ya nuna cewa 27 daga cikin wadannan makamai da tsarin soji, wadanda suka hada da makamai masu linzami zuwa na'urorin tsaro na iska, sun dogara sosai kan sassan kasashen yamma.Kididdiga ta RUSI ta gano cewa, bisa ga makaman da aka kwato daga kasar Ukraine, kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na kayayyakin da kamfanonin Amurka ne suka kera su.Daga cikin wadannan, kayayyakin da kamfanonin Amurka ADI da Texas Instruments suka kera sun kai kusan kashi daya bisa hudu na dukkan abubuwan da kasashen yamma ke amfani da su a cikin makaman.
Alal misali, a ranar 19 ga Yuli, 2022, sojojin Ukraine sun gano kwakwalwan Cypress a cikin kwamfutar da ke cikin jirgin na Rasha makami mai linzami kirar 9M727 a filin daga.Daya daga cikin ingantattun makaman na Rasha, makami mai linzami mai lamba 9M727 na iya yin tafiya a kasa kasa don gujewa radar kuma yana iya kai hari a wurare masu nisan mil dari, kuma yana dauke da abubuwa 31 na kasashen waje.Har ila yau, akwai nau'o'in kasashen waje 31 na makami mai linzami na Kh-101 na Rasha, wanda kamfanoni irin su Intel Corporation da AMD na Xilinx suka kera su.
Tare da jerin da aka bayyana, zai zama mafi wahala ga Rasha don shigo da kwakwalwan kwamfuta.
Takunkumai daban-daban sun shafi masana'antar soji ta Rasha a cikin 2014, 2020 da kuma yanzu idan ana maganar samun kayan da ake shigowa da su.Amma Rasha ta kasance tana samo guntu daga sassan duniya ta hanyoyi daban-daban.Misali, tana shigo da chips daga wasu kasashe da yankuna, kamar Turai da Amurka, ta hanyar masu rarrabawa da ke aiki a Asiya.
Gwamnatin Amurka ta fada a watan Maris cewa bayanan kwastam na Rasha sun nuna cewa a watan Maris din shekarar 2021, wani kamfani ya shigo da kayan lantarki da darajarsu ta kai dalar Amurka 600,000 da Texas Instruments ta kera ta hannun wani mai rarraba Hong Kong.Wata majiya ta nuna cewa bayan watanni bakwai, wannan kamfani ya sake shigo da wasu kayayyakin Xilinx na dala miliyan 1.1.
Daga wargaza makaman Rasha da aka kwato daga fagen fama na Ukraine da ke sama, akwai wasu makaman da Rasha ta kera tare da guntu daga Amurka Daga cikin sabbin samfuran siyan kayayyaki da Ma'aikatar Tsaro ta Rasha ta zana, akwai adadi mai yawa na kwakwalwan kwamfuta da aka samar. ta kamfanonin Amurka.Ana iya ganin cewa, a baya a karkashin ikon Amurka na fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje, har yanzu kasar Rasha na ci gaba da shigo da na'urori daga Amurka, Turai da sauran wurare ta hanyoyi daban-daban na amfani da sojoji.
Sai dai bayyanar da wannan jeri na sayayya na Rasha a wannan karo na iya sa gwamnatocin Amurka da na Turai su tsaurara matakan hana fitar da kayayyaki zuwa kasashen waje da kuma kokarin rufe hanyar siyar da kayayyaki na Rasha a asirce.Sakamakon haka, za a iya samun cikas ga kera makaman da Rasha ke yi a baya.
Rasha na neman bincike mai zaman kanta da ci gaba don kawar da dogaro da kasashen waje
Ko a cikin guntu na soja ko na farar hula, Rasha tana ƙoƙari sosai don kawar da dogaro da fasahar Amurka.Duk da haka, bincike mai zaman kansa da ci gaba ba su da kyau.A bangaren masana'antar soja, a cikin rahoton 2015 ga Putin, Mataimakin Ministan Tsaro Yuri Borisov ya ce an yi amfani da sassan kasashen NATO a cikin samfurin 826 na kayan aikin soja na cikin gida.Manufar Rasha ita ce a sami sassan Rasha su maye gurbin 800 daga cikinsu nan da 2025.
A shekara ta 2016, duk da haka, bakwai kawai daga cikin waɗannan samfuran an haɗa su ba tare da shigo da sassan ba.Masana'antar sojan Rasha ta kashe kuɗi da yawa ba tare da kammala aiwatar da maye gurbin shigo da kaya ba.a shekarar 2019, mataimakin firaministan kasar Yuri Borisov ya kiyasta cewa jimillar basussukan da kamfanonin tsaro ke bin bankunan ya kai rubiliyan 2, wanda masana'antu ba za su iya biya biliyan 700 rubles ba.
A bangaren farar hula kuma, kasar Rasha na bunkasa kamfanonin cikin gida.Bayan barkewar rikici tsakanin Rasha da Ukraine, Rasha da ke karkashin takunkumin tattalin arziki na yammacin Turai, ta kasa sayo kayayyakin da suka dace da semiconductor, kuma a martanin da gwamnatin Rasha ta bayar a baya ta ba da sanarwar cewa tana kashe rubba biliyan 7 don tallafawa Mikron, daya daga cikin kamfanonin Rasha. ƙananan kamfanonin farar hula semiconductor, don haɓaka ƙarfin samar da kamfanin.
A halin yanzu Mikron shine kamfani mafi girma na guntu a Rasha, duka biyun da aka kafa da kuma ƙira, kuma gidan yanar gizon Mikron ya ce shi ne na farko da ke kera guntu a Rasha.An fahimci cewa Mikron a halin yanzu yana iya samar da semiconductor tare da fasahar aiwatarwa daga 0.18 microns zuwa 90 nanometers, waɗanda ba su da ci gaba don samar da katunan zirga-zirga, Intanet na Abubuwa, har ma da wasu kwakwalwan kwamfuta na gaba ɗaya.
Takaitawa
Kamar yadda abubuwa ke tafiya, yakin Rasha da Ukraine na iya ci gaba.Kayayyakin makaman na Rasha na iya fuskantar karanci, inda ma'aikatar tsaron kasar Rasha za ta fitar da jerin sunayen sayen makamai da aka fallasa, sayan makaman da Rasha za ta yi a baya, na iya fuskantar cikas sosai, kuma bincike da ci gaba mai zaman kansa yana da wahala a samu ci gaba na wani dan lokaci. .
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-17-2022